Basic Physical Properties of Titanium Alloys

Density

Range: 4.40-4.50 g/cm³

Application: In aerospace, low density helps reduce the structural weight of aircraft and spacecraft.

 

Elastic Modulus

Range: 110-120 GPa

Application: Used in applications requiring elastic response, such as springs and structural components, where a moderate elastic modulus provides good stress-strain response.

 

Yield Strength and Tensile Strength

Range: Yield strength 380-1100 MPa, Tensile strength 900-1400 MPa

Application: High strength characteristics make titanium alloys suitable for high-load-bearing mechanical components, such as engine parts and high-strength fasteners.

 

Hardness

Range: Vickers hardness 200-500 HV

Application: Used in wear-resistant components like bearings and gears, where high surface hardness is needed to resist wear.

 

Toughness

Range: Charpy impact value 20-100 J/cm²

Application: In applications requiring materials to absorb impact energy, such as energy-absorbing components in automobile collisions.

 

Thermal Conductivity

Range: 6-22 W/m·K

Application: Used in components requiring controlled heat transfer, such as heat sinks in electronic devices.

 

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Range: 8-12 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹

Application: Low thermal expansion coefficient helps maintain dimensional stability in precision instruments and devices.

 

Melting Point

Range: Pure titanium around 1668°C

Application: Used in components requiring high-temperature processing or operation, such as heating elements in certain furnaces.

 

Specific Heat Capacity

Range: 520-700 J/kg·K

Application: In thermal energy storage and transfer systems, specific heat capacity affects the material's ability to absorb and release heat.

 

Electrical Conductivity

Range: Approximately 1.2 × 10⁻⁷ S/m

Application: Though not a good electrical conductor, titanium alloys may be adequate for certain electromagnetic shielding applications.

 

Fatigue Limit

Range: Can withstand cyclic stresses up to 70-80% of tensile strength

Application: Used in applications subject to repeated loading and unloading, such as aircraft wing spars and automotive suspension systems.

 

Superplasticity

Range: Under specific conditions, can achieve extremely high ductility

Application: Used in applications requiring complex shape forming, such as net shaping of aerospace components.

 

Titanium alloys, with their lightweight, high strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, have become the material of choice for various high-end applications, from aerospace components to chemical processing equipment. As technology advances, the application range of titanium alloys is expected to further expand.